as in hypothesis
an idea that is the starting point for making a case or conducting an investigation set out to prove her theory that people can't really taste any difference between colas, so they buy according to the product's image

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How does the noun theory differ from other similar words?

The words hypothesis and law are common synonyms of theory. While all three words mean "a formula derived by inference from scientific data that explains a principle operating in nature," theory implies a greater range of evidence and greater likelihood of truth.

the theory of evolution

When would hypothesis be a good substitute for theory?

Although the words hypothesis and theory have much in common, hypothesis implies insufficient evidence to provide more than a tentative explanation.

a hypothesis explaining the extinction of the dinosaurs

When might law be a better fit than theory?

The meanings of law and theory largely overlap; however, law implies a statement of order and relation in nature that has been found to be invariable under the same conditions.

the law of gravitation

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of theory Modern portfolio theory has long shown that concentrated positions create unnecessary risk. Alex Ohnona, Fortune, 22 Oct. 2025 The series takes a comprehensive look at the case, airing evidence that was never shared with the jury and conversations with sources whose recollections upend prosecutors’ theory of the crime. The New Yorker, New Yorker, 21 Oct. 2025 Others chimed in with water brand theories — or rather, beverages with special electrolyte concoctions. Skyler Caruso, PEOPLE, 21 Oct. 2025 Together, these results support a theory known as the polygyny threshold model. David W. Lawson, The Conversation, 21 Oct. 2025 See All Example Sentences for theory
Recent Examples of Synonyms for theory
Noun
  • In proving their hypothesis, researchers fed LLMs continually with X posts that were either short and viral or were shaped to grab users’ attention.
    Marco Quiroz-Gutierrez, Fortune, 22 Oct. 2025
  • This notion supports the continuity hypothesis of dreaming, which proposes that dream content often reflects aspects of a person’s waking life.
    Stacey Colino, Time, 21 Oct. 2025
Noun
  • Based on Boss’ checks, the TJX thesis is still alive and well.
    Jeff Marks, CNBC, 27 Oct. 2025
  • That’s the thesis of Returning to Myself, Carlile’s eighth solo album.
    Jonathan Bernstein, Rolling Stone, 24 Oct. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Theory.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/theory. Accessed 29 Oct. 2025.

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